Pipe-cutter



(No Model.)

J. -H. VINTON.

'PIPE CUTTER.

No. 536,554. Patented Mar. 26, 1895.

g 2 55 Jhwa ii viii/@070.

! UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN H. VINTON, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGN OR TO THE TRIMONTMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF

PORTLAND, MAINE.

Pl PE-CUTTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 536,554, dated March26, 1895. Application filed July 13,1894. Serial No. 517,433. (Nomodel.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN H. VINTON, of Boston, county of Suffolk, Stateof Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Pipe- Cutters, ofwhich the following description, in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representinglike parts.

This invention has for its object the production of a novel pipe cutterof great strength, durability and simplicity, and adapted to be rapidlyadjusted for use. I

My improved pipe-cutter comprises a cutter-carrying frame, a cutter, aroll carrier supporting preferably smoothing rolls opposed to thecutter, and a rotatable threaded shank to co-operate with, and by itsrotation cause said frame and roll carrier to be moved toward or fromeach other, whereby the rolls :0 bear upon and force the pipe againsttheoutter; and by the employment of a preferably differentially threadedshank the frame and roll carrier are moved in the same direction but atdifferent speeds, the rapidity with z 5 which the rolls and cutterapproach or move from each other being equal to the diflerence betweenthe speeds referred to. By such construction I am enabled to cause thecutter to enter the pipe slowly but with great power,

0 while, by means to be hereinafter described,

the tool is rapidly adjusted to the diameter of the pipe to be out, suchadjustment requiring but little power. I

The specific features comprised in my in- 3 5 vention will behereinafter more fully described in the specification, and particularlydesignated in the claims at the end thereof.

Figure 1, in side elevation and partially broken out, represents a pipecutter in which my invention is embodied. Fig. 2 is a perspective Viewof a portion of the pipe-cutter,

with a part of the roll carrier removed. Fig.

3 is a transverse sectional detail taken on the line a:w, Fig. 1, andFig. at is a detail of a modification to be described.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the pipe cutter as therein shown is composedof a cutter carrying frame at having at its outer end an overhanging awa, suitably shaped to re ceive a rotary cutter a", journale'd upon a pinor stud a and preferably threaded to facilitate the removal of thecutter when desired. The other end of the frame is inturned at a Fig. 1,and preferably it is transversely slotj ted to form lugs a having ashank opening therethrough.

An interiorly threaded nut b,herein shown as having ratchet teeth I)thereon, is loosely mounted on the inturned portion of the frame a,between the lugs a and held from longi- 6o tudinal movement thereby, thesaid nut constituting a bearing for and controlling the movement of theshank, to be described.

A pawl c is pivoted to the frame at 0, see Fig. 3, adjacent the bearing,to engage its 6 teeth I) and thereby prevent rotation of saidbearingwhen desired, the pawl being held in operative position by aspring catch 0 entering a depression therein, as clearly'seen in Fig. 1.

The inner side of the frame a forms a longitudinal bearing surface'a fora sliding roll carrier D, and in Figs. 1 and 2, said bearing surface isshown as laterally extended to present a guide rib a at each sidethereof.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the roll carrier is made separable, the mainportion d thereof being recessed or cut away to receive two rolls 6,mounted to rotate 0n removable pins or studs e, and opposed to thecutter a These rolls e act as smoothing rolls, to bear against andsmooth down the burr formed by the cutter as the pipe is being cut, andthe rolls are shown as quite long to form a firm, substantial seat forthe pipe, centering it accurately, and presenting its surface exactly atright angles to the plane of the cutter.

Should the pipe be improperly centered the cutter will makeaspiralcut orthread in the pipe, instead of a single annular cut, and this 0 isobviated by the construction of the rolls as herein shown.

To prevent lateral displacement of the roll carrier, and to assist inretaining it upon the bearing surface a, at all times, the back of the 5main portion is grooved at d, Fig. 2, to embrace one of the guide ribs aand a locking plate d having an overturned lip d is secured to the mainpart of the carrier, after the lat; j tr has been put inposition, bysuitable screws ioo d; shown in Fig. 1.

It is necessary to construct the roll carrier as described when twoguide ribs are em ployed, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, in order to enablethe carrier to be put in place on'the frame a.

The longitudinal axis of the tool is coincident with the longitudinalaxis of the shank f, and the rolls 6 are preferably arranged equidistanttherefrom on each side, while the rotary cutter a has its center ofisetbeyond the said tool axis, as shown in Fig. I, the broken line yyrepresenting the tool axis.

Vhen the tool is in position on a pipe to cut it, such offset of thecutter a acts to constantly press the pipe into its seat on the rolls a,e, and thereby the roll carrier D is firmly held down on the bearingsurface a", to take up the strain.

A threaded shankfis extended through the nut b and into co-operativeengagement with the roll carrier D, rotation of the said shank causingrelative movement of the frame and roll carrier, to adjust the tool tothe pipe and thereafter operate the feed.

The adjustment of the tool for the pipe to be cut requires but littlepower,while quick movement is desirable, and consequently I preferablymake the thread f, which engages the threaded nut or hearing I), of asteep pitch, so that rotation of the said hearing will cause rapidlongitudinal movement of the shank therethrough, and an equal movementof the roll carrier, the shank f extending loosely through the lugs a ofthe frame a, after which the pawl c is put into engagement with the nutb to prevent its rotation. When the tool is thus adjusted the pipe iscentered by the rolls 6 and the tool is then turned around it in theusual manner, and the cutter begins to enter and score the pipe, thecutter being fed to the pipe as it deepens the cut by rotating the shankin the direction of the arrow, Fig. 1. Such rotation will cause the rollcarrier and its rolls e to move toward the cutter a",

but the steep pitch of the thread f would.

give too rapid a feed and would require great power to make the cutterenter the pipe. I overcome this by providing the shank with .a secondthread f of finer pitch, and entering a correspondingly threaded openingd, shown in dotted lines Fig. 1, in the roll carrier. By referring tosaid figure, it will be seen that the rotation of the shank f asdescribed, will, by means of the threadsf, cause its longitudinaladvancement at a certain speed, but such rotation also causes it toenter and draw the roll carrier D in the opposite direction, at a slowerspeed. The said roll carrier will accordingly be moved toward the cutterat a rate equal to the difierence be tween the two speeds referred to,and by the finer thread J, or thread of less pitch, the carrier is movedwith great power to feed the cutter into the pipe. The rolls e thuspress against the pipe, forcing the cutter into the pipe, and theyextend laterally from each side of the plane of the cut sufiicicntly toget an extended bearing on and to maintain the pipe at right angles tothe cutter. In addition the rolls turn down or smooth the burr formed bythe rotary cutter, so that the severed ends of the pipe are left smoothand obviate subsequent filing.

I have shown a modification-in Fig. f of the means to prevent lateraldisplacement of the roll carrier D", which is shown as a single piece ofmetal. The frame is provided with a longitudinal bearing surface 70,shown as having a shallow longitudinal groove 70 therein, to be engagedby a projecting portion of the roll carrier D", said portion being shownas a rib m on the back of the carrier. It will be obvious that a rib orprojection could be formed on the bearing surface It to engage a groovein the back of the roll carrier D such mere reversal of parts needing noillustration and it is also obvious that the threaded shank which entersthe roll carrier D but which is not shown in Fig. 4, will hold thecarrier on the frame is, the said threaded shank passing through abearing in the latter.

It is sometimes desirable to use cutters in place of the rolls e, whenonly a limited movementcan be had for the tool in cutting a pipe, owingto the position of the latter, as for instance, in a corner or in closeproximity to a wall, and for this purpose the pins or studs 6 arewithdrawn, the rolls 6 removed and cutters similar to the cutter a aresubstituted therefor. The pipe is then subjected to cutting at threepoints of its circumference simultaneously, so that with a small throwof the tool the cut will be completed.

To provide a convenient storage place for such cutters, so that theywill be at hand when wanted, I have hollowed out each end of the shankhandle g, Fig. 1, at g, shown by the broken-out-portion in said Fig. 1,and threaded it at the outer ends to receive screw caps or closures gthe hollowed out portions being each of sufficient size to receive andhold one of the smoothing rolls as e, or one or more cutters.

So far as I am aware it is broadly new to actuate the parts of a pipecutter by means of a differentially threaded shank co-operatingtherewith, whereby the tool may be rapidly adjusted, and thereafter thecutter fed slowly and powerfully into the pipes and accordingly myinvention is not restricted to the exact construction and arrangement ofparts herein shown.

I claim- 1. In a pipe cutter, a frame,a rotary cutter carried thereby, aroll carrier longitudinally movable on said frame and having rollsopposed to the cutter, to bear upon the pipe to be cut, a difierentiallythreaded shank to co-operate with said frame and roll carrier, a fixedbearing in the lattor,a rotatable bearing in the frame in engagementwith the steeper thread of the shank, and a locking device therefor,rotation of the bearing moving the roll cartier and shank in unison atthe same speed, to rapidly adjust the tool, substantially as described.

2. In a pipe cutter, a frame having an overhanging jaw,a rotary cuttercarriedthereby, a roll carrier longitudinally movable on the frame andhaving laterally extended smoothing rolls opposed to the cutter andadapted to seat the pipe at right angles to the axis of the tool,connections between said frame and roll carrier to prevent relativelateral movement, and a shank having two threads thereon of differentpitch, to engage bearings in the frame and roll carrier, wherebyrotation of said shank in the proper direction will cause the rolls toact upon the pipe and force the cutter thereinto with great power and ata speed proportional to the difference of pitch of the threads on theshank, the rolls smoothing out the burr raised by the cutter,substantially as described.

3. A pipe cutter composed of a cutter-carrying frame having a threadedbearing rotatably mounted thereon in the longitudinal axis of the tool,means to prevent its rotation at times, a roll carrier adapted to travelon the frame and supporting two rolls, and a shank havinga threadthereon in engagement with the rotatable bearing and a second thread ofless pitch adapted to enter a bearing in the roll carrier, rotation ofthe shank moving the roll carrier at a speed dependent upon thedifference of pitch of the shank threads, said shank and roll carrierbeing moved in unison by rotation of the rotatable bearing at a fasterspeed, substantially as described.

4. In a pipe cutter,a cutter carrying frame having a longitudinalbearing surface, a roll carrier adapted to slide on the said bearingsurface, a projecting portion of one adapted to enter a groove in theother preventing lateral movement of the frame and roll carrier, rollssupported in the carrier and opposed to the cutter, a rotary cutterhaving its center offset beyond the longitudinal axis of the tool, toforce the roll carrier against the bearing surface when a pipe is beingcut, and a thread ed shank to co-operate with said frame and rollcarrier and move one relatively to the other, whereby rotation of theshank will cause the rolls to center the pipe and force the cutter intoit, substantially as described.

5. A pipe cutter comprising a'cutter carrying frame provided with alongitudinal bearing surface and laterally extended guide ribs, a rollcarrier grooved to engage one of said ribs and adapted to slide on thebearing, a removable locking plate for the carrier, having an overturnedlip to engage the other rib, a cutter, rolls supported in the saidcarrier and opposed to the cutter, and a threaded shank co-operatingwith said frame and roll carrier and adapted to be rotated, wherebyrotation of the said shank will move the roll carrier relatively to theframe and cause the rolls to force the cutter into the pipe, in theoperation of cutting a pipe, substantially as described.

6. A pipe cutter comprising a cuttercarry- -ing frame, a rotary cuttercarried thereby and having its center oifset beyond the longitudinalaxis of the tool, a roll carrier movable on the frame, rolls carriedthereby having their longitudinal axis equi-distant from and on oppositesides of said axis to form a seat for the pipe, whereby in the operationof cutting a pipe the cutter acts to hold the pipe in its seat betweenthe rolls and independent of the frame to thereby press the roll carrieragainst the frame, and an actuating shank to move the roll carrier,substantially as described.

7. In apipecutter, acutter-carrying frame, a roll carrier movable on theframe, a threaded shank co-operating with and to cause relative movementof the frame and roll carrier when rotated, and a hollowcylindrical'handle for the shank threaded at its ends, and a screw capor closure for each end, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

' JOHN H. VINTON.

Witnesses:

GEO. W. GREGORY, J 01m 0. EDWARDS.

